Persimmon Leaf Vanilla Flavor by TerraVita

INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE

• Hyperlipidemia. One small clinical study in patients with elevated cholesterol levels shows that consuming cookie bars containing tannin-rich fiber from unripe Japanese persimmon fruit 3 or 5 grams three times daily before meals for 12 weeks lowers cholesterol levels when compared with placebo (100446).
• Impaired glucose tolerance (prediabetes). Preliminary clinical research in patients with prediabetes shows that taking tablets of Japanese persimmon leaf extract 1 gram twice daily for 8 weeks modestly reduces two-hour postprandial glucose when compared with placebo (100449). It is unknown if Japanese persimmon reduces the risk of developing diabetes in people with prediabetes. More evidence is needed to rate Japanese persimmon for these uses.

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POSSIBLY SAFE ...when the leaf extract or fruit fiber are used orally and appropriately. Japanese persimmon leaf extract 2 grams daily has been used with apparent safety in clinical research for up to 8 weeks (100449). Japanese persimmon fruit fiber 9-15 grams daily has also been used with apparent safety for up to 12 weeks (100446).

PREGNANCY AND LACTATION:
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.

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ANTICOAGULANT/ANTIPLATELET DRUGS Interaction Rating = Moderate Be cautious with this combination. Severity = High •  Occurrence = Possible •  Level of Evidence = D There is concern that Japanese persimmon leaf constituents might potentiate effects of anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs. In vitro research shows that certain Japanese persimmon leaf extract protein fractions have anticoagulant activity. These fractions are thought to bind fibrinogen leading to thrombin inactivation (100454). This effect has not been shown in humans.  Details Some anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs include aspirin, clopidogrel (Plavix), dalteparin (Fragmin), enoxaparin (Lovenox), heparin, indomethacin (Indocin), ticlopidine (Ticlid), warfarin (Coumadin), and others.

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General ...Orally, Japanese persimmon fruit may cause allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, in sensitive people; however, this is rare (13391,13392). Excessive consumption of Japanese persimmon fruit can cause bezoars (100444,100456).

Gastrointestinal ...Orally, excessive consumption of Japanese persimmon fruit can cause bezoars. In a case report, a 50-year-old male presented with a bezoar due to eating unpeeled Japanese persimmons with seeds for 10 years (100444). In another case report, a 73-year-old male with a history of partial stomach removal due to gastric cancer, presented with a bezoar due to consumption of 30-40 Japanese persimmon fruits in one season (100456).

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