Easter Lily Flower Essence by Flower Essence Services

INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE

• Arrhythmia. Although there has been interest in using oral lily-of-the-valley for arrhythmia, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical effects of lily-of-the-valley for this purpose.
• Heart failure. Although there has been interest in using oral lily-of-the-valley for heart failure, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical effects of lily-of-the-valley for this purpose. More evidence is needed to rate lily-of-the-valley for these uses.

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POSSIBLY UNSAFE ...when the standardized extract is used orally (2,12). Medical supervision and monitoring may reduce the risk for serious safety events; however, botanical cardiac glycosides are generally not recommended for use. Poor oral absorption of the cardiac glycosides in lily-of-the-valley can reduce the risk of poisoning (18), but the number of glycosides and their varied properties makes therapeutic use difficult (7).

LIKELY UNSAFE ...when the whole plant is ingested. Lily-of-the-valley is considered poisonous (12).

PREGNANCY AND LACTATION: LIKELY UNSAFE
when used orally for self-medication (12). Avoid using.

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CORTICOSTEROIDS Interaction Rating = Major Do not take this combination. Severity = High •  Occurrence = Probable •  Level of Evidence = D Theoretically, using lily-of-the-valley with prolonged corticosteroid therapy can cause cardiac glycoside toxicity.  Details Lily-of-the-valley contains cardiac glycosides (2). Concomitant, long-term corticosteroid use can increase the risk of cardiac glycoside toxicity due to potassium depletion and electrolyte imbalance.

DIGOXIN (Lanoxin) Interaction Rating = Major Do not take this combination. Severity = High •  Occurrence = Likely •  Level of Evidence = D Using lily-of-the-valley with digoxin can cause cardiac glycoside toxicity.  Details Lily-of-the-valley contains cardiac glycosides (2). Use of the cardiac glycoside digoxin and lily-of-the-valley concomitantly increases the risk of cardiac glycoside toxicity.

DIURETIC DRUGS Interaction Rating = Moderate Be cautious with this combination. Severity = High •  Occurrence = Possible •  Level of Evidence = D Theoretically, using lily-of-the-valley with diuretics can increase the risk of cardiac glycoside toxicity.  Details Lily-of-the-valley contains cardiac glycosides. Concomitant use of potassium depleting diuretics and lily-of-the-valley can increase the risk of cardiac glycoside toxicity due to potassium depletion and electrolyte imbalance (506).

LITHIUM Interaction Rating = Moderate Be cautious with this combination. Severity = Moderate •  Occurrence = Probable •  Level of Evidence = D Theoretically, lily-of-the-valley can increase levels of lithium and increase toxicity.  Details Lily-of-the-valley is thought to have diuretic properties (18). Theoretically, due to these potential diuretic effects, lily-of-the-valley might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium. The dose of lithium might need to be decreased.

MACROLIDE ANTIBIOTICS Interaction Rating = Moderate Be cautious with this combination. Severity = High •  Occurrence = Possible •  Level of Evidence = D Theoretically, using lily-of-the-valley with macrolide antibiotics can increase the risk of cardiac glycoside toxicity.  Details Macrolide antibiotics appear to increase the gastrointestinal absorption of oral digoxin. Theoretically, concomitant use of macrolide antibiotics might increase the absorption of the cardiac glycosides found in lily-of-the-valley (17).

QUININE Interaction Rating = Major Do not take this combination. Severity = High •  Occurrence = Probable •  Level of Evidence = D Theoretically, using lily-of-the-valley with quinine can increase the risk of cardiac glycoside toxicity.  Details Quinine may reduce the clearance of oral digoxin. Theoretically, concomitant use of quinine with lily-of-the-valley might reduce the clearance of cardiac glycosides found in lily-of-the-valley and increase the risk of toxicity (506).

STIMULANT LAXATIVES Interaction Rating = Moderate Be cautious with this combination. Severity = High •  Occurrence = Possible •  Level of Evidence = D Theoretically, using lily-of-the-valley with stimulant laxatives can increase the risk of cardiac glycoside toxicity.  Details Lily-of-the-valley contains cardiac glycosides. The overuse of stimulant laxatives can increase the risk of cardiac glycoside toxicity with lily-of-the-valley due to potassium depletion (19).

TETRACYCLINE ANTIBIOTICS Interaction Rating = Moderate Be cautious with this combination. Severity = High •  Occurrence = Possible •  Level of Evidence = D Theoretically, using lily-of-the-valley with tetracycline antibiotics might increase the risk of cardiac glycoside toxicity.  Details Tetracycline antibiotics appear to increase the gastrointestinal absorption of oral digoxin, a cardiac glycoside. Theoretically, concomitant use of tetracycline antibiotics might increase the absorption of the cardiac glycosides found in lily-of-the-valley (17).

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General ...When used orally without the supervision of a healthcare professional, lily-of-the-valley is unsafe.
Serious Adverse Effects (Rare):
Orally, lily-of-the-valley can cause cardiac arrhythmias.

Cardiovascular ...Orally, lily-of-the-valley can cause cardiac arrhythmias (2).

Gastrointestinal ...Orally, lily-of-the-valley can cause nausea and vomiting (2).

Neurologic/CNS ...Orally, lily-of-the-valley can cause headache and stupor (18). Visual color disturbances can also occur (18).

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