| Ingredients | Not Present |
|---|---|
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(Verbena officinalis )
(flowers)
(wild-harvested in Britain)
(infusion (1:6000) of Verbena officinalis PlantPart: flowers Genus: Verbena Species: officinalis Note: wild-harvested in Britain )
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Water, brandy Note: Organic & Biodynamic
Below is general information about the effectiveness of the known ingredients contained in the product Vervain Flower Essence. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
Below is general information about the safety of the known ingredients contained in the product Vervain Flower Essence. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
LIKELY SAFE ...when used orally in amounts commonly found in foods. Verbena has Generally Recognized As Safe status (GRAS) for use in foods in the US (4912). There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of verbena when used orally or topically in medicinal amounts.
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION:
There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of verbena in medicinal amounts during pregnancy and lactation; avoid using.
Below is general information about the interactions of the known ingredients contained in the product Vervain Flower Essence. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
In vitro research suggests that beta-myrcene, a terpene constituents of verbena, can significantly inhibit cytochrome P450 2B1 (CYP2B1) enzyme activity (82024). Theoretically, verbena might increase levels of drugs metabolized by this enzyme. However, this interaction has not been reported in humans.
 Details
Some substrates of CYP2B1 include cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, barbiturates, bromobenzene, and others.
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Below is general information about the adverse effects of the known ingredients contained in the product Vervain Flower Essence. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
General
...Orally, verbena is well tolerated when used orally in amounts commonly found in foods (4912).
When used in medicinal amounts and in combination with other herbs, adverse effects have included gastrointestinal adverse effects and allergic skin reactions (374,379).
Topically, verbena can cause contact dermatitis (13431).
Gastrointestinal ...Orally, verbena in combination with other herbs can cause gastrointestinal adverse effects (374,379).
Immunologic ...Orally, verbena in combination with other herbs can cause allergic skin reactions (374,379). Topically, verbena can cause contact dermatitis (13431).
